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According to Santos Muñoz, obesity is defined as an increase in body weight due to excess fat that seriously endangers health. It is therefore a multifactorial metabolic disease, influenced by social factors, physiological, metabolic, molecular and genetic.

Obesity is a chronic disease with negative health implications and there is a clear and direct association between degree of obesity and mortality. In fact, it is linked to 60% of deaths due to noncommunicable diseases.

Types of Obesity

Central or android obesity or abdominal (apple-shaped): the excess fat is preferentially localized on the face, chest and abdomen. It is associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and overall mortality.

Gynoid or peripheral obesity (pear shaped) fat accumulates mainly in the hip and thighs. This type of distribution is mainly related to problems of venous return in the lower limbs (varices), and with osteoarthritis of the knee (genoartrosis).

Obesity evenly distributed: it is one in which excess fat is not dominant in any area of the body.

To find out to what type of obesity we have to divide your waist circumference by hip circumference. In women, when above 0.9 and in men when it is greater than 1 is considered android type obesity.

Classification of obesity

Hyperplastic: Characterized by the increased number of fat cells.

Hypertrophic: Increased volume of adipocytes.

Primary: Depending on the primary etiology of obesity represents an imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure.

Secondary: Depending on the etiology of obesity secondary stems arising from certain diseases that cause increased body fat.

Source: http://www.efdeportes.com/efd122/la-obesidad-tipos-y-clasificacion.htm

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